• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates in particular to a mold (M) of aluminothermic welding of a metal rail (1), which comprises at least two parts or shells (4) substantially identical, configured to be mounted temporarily facing one of the and on both sides of said rail (1) for gripping the mushroom (10), core (11) and shoe (12) of this rail (1), each part or shell (4) having an upper opening ( 43), which opens onto an internal cavity (44) delimited by configured walls (45, 46, 48) for gripping the mushroom (10), the core (11) and the pad (12) of said rail (1), characterized in that said internal cavity (44) comprises a compressible sealing coating (5) only against the walls (451, 46, 48) configured to grip said core (11), shoe (12) and under the mushroom ( 10), and with the exception of the rest of the mushroom (10) and the underside of the pad (12).
    公开号:FR3050742A1
    申请号:FR1653859
    申请日:2016-04-29
    公开日:2017-11-03
    发明作者:Pierre Bordery；Frederic Delcroix
    申请人:Railtech International SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    ALUMINOTHERMIC WELDING MOLD OF A METAL RAIL AND METHOD
    REPAIR WHICH MAKES IT USE
    DOAAAINE OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to a mold for repairing metal rails, particularly railroad rails.
    It also relates to a method of repairing a rail that makes use of such a mold.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Throughout the present application, the term "skid" will be used to designate the lower part of the rail which leans on a cross-member, while the terms "mushroom" and "soul" respectively denote the path. rolling and the vertical orientation net that connects the skate to the mushroom. This definition applies to all types of skates, whether they are "Vignole" profile or other.
    We are particularly interested in rails whose upper part of the mushroom is degraded.
    This degradation most often results from the wear of the rail or rolling incidents, so that the running surface is no longer uniform but has on the contrary surface irregularities that can compromise safety.
    In such situations, it is known to intervene on site, to cut the portion of rail affected by the degradation, to replace it with a "rail coupon", ie a new rail section and to weld it. pre-existing rail coupon.
    It is easy to understand that such an operation is expensive, tedious and time consuming. Even if it is justified when the degradation is very important, it has no real reason to be when the defect has a limited extent in terms of depth and length.
    However, when it is proposed to directly repair the rail by aluminothermic welding, one can be faced with the following difficulties.
    An on-site intervention procedure is known which makes use of a mold made entirely of sand. The mold is placed on either side of a region of the rail from which the defect has been removed, and aluminothermic reaction melt is cast into the mold to fill the recess created by the removal of the defect.
    It is generally necessary to ground the sand mold against the mold to best adjust the contact surfaces to seal against the molten metal that will be poured into the mold, which is a condition of success of the repair. This operation is tedious and does not always achieve a perfect seal.
    Moreover, it can not be ruled out that the defect to be repaired is in an area in which, at the time of the laying of the railway line, two sections of rail were welded to each other by an electric weld (" flash butt welding >> according to the English terminology) which generates extra thicknesses that can reach up to three millimeters. Of course, the beads and other traces of solder on the mushroom have been carefully removed by grinding in particular. This is however not the case on the other parts of the rail which do not constitute rolling surfaces.
    The beads resulting from electrical welds present elsewhere than on the fungus could be ground before repairing the rail. But this is in practice difficult to envisage because the operators have a reduced time to perform the repair, the way to be closed to traffic for as short a time as possible. However, such grinding should be carried out in a meticulous manner to ensure a perfectly sealed contact surface between the rail and the mold.
    Under these conditions, it is easy to understand that these surface irregularities pose sealing problems when it is proposed to repair a damaged rail, by aluminothermic welding in a mold which encloses on both sides the entire rail in the damaged area.
    The present invention aims precisely to fill this gap.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    Thus, in a first aspect, the present invention relates to an aluminothermic welding mold of a metal rail, which comprises at least two substantially identical parts or shells, configured to be temporarily mounted opposite one another and on either side of said rail for gripping the mushroom, core and shoe of this rail, each piece or shell having an upper opening which opens on an internal cavity delimited by walls configured to grip the mushroom, the core and the skid said rail, characterized in that said internal cavity comprises a compressible coating sealing only against the wall configured to grip said soul, pad and bottom of the mushroom, and except the rest of the mushroom and the bottom of the pad.
    According to one embodiment, said coating is of refractory felt.
    According to one embodiment, the thickness of said coating is between 2 and 10 mm.
    Particularly advantageously, the lower part of the part opposite the cavity has a bias cut configured to avoid contact with a fastening system of the rail on a cross.
    A second aspect of the invention relates to a method of repairing a rail which has a surface defect in its mushroom, characterized in that it comprises the following steps which consist in: - removing said defect from to create a recess on the mushroom of said rail; positioning the two parts or shells of a mold as described above on either side of this rail; -combler said recess by flowing into said mold, through said upper opening, a thermite welding material.
    According to one embodiment, the core has, substantially to the right of the defect to be repaired, a weld bead resulting from an electrical weld and the compressible coating of the mold applies intimately on said bead.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention. This description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: - Figure 1 is a very simplified side view of a rail section having a surface defect at its running portion (mushroom), and a trace superficial welding at the level of his soul; FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the part of the rail of FIG. 1 presenting a surface defect, after removal of a portion of material which encompasses this defect; - Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, the portion of material removed, however, having a different shape; - Figure 4 is a figure similar to Figure 1 showing the rail after repair; - Figures 5 and 6 are perspective views, in two different directions, of a portion of a mold according to the present invention; - Figures 7 and 8 are perspective views of a rail section to repair, shown relative to a mold portion according to the invention, said section being visible in Figure 7 by transparency.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a section of railway rail.
    In a manner well known per se, this rail comprises a mushroom 10, a core 11 and a shoe 12. There is referenced 2 a surface defect that has the mushroom 10 at its upper running surface. This defect occupies for example a surface of a few cm ^.
    Substantially to the right of the defect 2 extends, at the core 11, a weld bead 110 resulting from an electric weld. This bead forms an irregularity on the surface of the core 11. It is typically this kind of rail that is proposed to repair using the mold according to the invention.
    In Figures 2 and 3 is visible a smaller portion of the same rail, shown while it was proceeded prior to the removal of the surface defect 2, so that it is noted the presence of a recess 3 to the surface of the mushroom 10.
    The shape of the recess 3 is a function of the technique that was used for the removal operation. Thus, in Figure 2, the removed area has straight edges and perpendicular two by two, obtained by grinding the rail, while in Figure 3, the recess has a curved bottom obtained by oxy-cutting. This form has no influence on the characteristics of the mold and the method according to the present invention. Naturally, those skilled in the art can choose any other appropriate surface defect removal technique without departing from the scope of the present invention. In Figure 4 is shown what constitutes, in a way, the objective of the present invention, in this case a repaired rail 1 which has a filling material 30, instead of the recess 3 of Figures 2 and 3.
    Reference will now be made more specifically to FIGS. 5 and 6 to describe the mold according to the invention.
    This mold consists of two pieces (or shells) 4 substantially identical, preferably and exclusively formed of sand. We will not return in more detail on how to manufacture such a mold, because it is known in itself and does not constitute the heart of the invention.
    For clarity, only one piece 4 has been shown here. It is delimited laterally by two parallel faces 40 and 41. It has in its upper part a front face 42 which is divided into two parts disposed on either side of an opening 43 which connects the upper part of the mold with the cavity lower 44 molding it presents.
    The lower part of the mold is organized in two regions: the molding cavity 44 intended to be arranged around the head of the rail, which is delimited by a wall 45, and a bearing surface against the web and the rail pad, formed by walls 46, 48.
    The wall 45 is configured to grip the poppet 10 of the rail 1, while the wall 46 is intended to grip the web 11 and the wall 48 is intended to grip the pad 12 of the rail. The wall 45 comprises in particular a portion 451 which is intended to be in contact with the underside of the mushroom.
    According to the invention, the lower part of the mold comprises a compressible sealing coating 5 only against the walls 451, 46 and 48 configured to grip said core, pad and under the mushroom, and with the exception of the rest of the mushroom and from below the pad.
    According to an advantageous embodiment, this coating consists of refractory felt. It is secured to the walls by means of an adhesive. The thickness of the coating is typically between 2 and 10 mm.
    According to an advantageous embodiment, the lower part of the piece 4 opposite the cavity 44 has a bias cut 47 more pronounced than conventional aluminothermic welding molds, to allow to place the mold at any location of the rail. In fact, if the repair is to be performed at the level of an electrical weld positioned on a cross-member, fastening systems (bolts, lag bolts, etc.) protrude above the runner of the rail. To prevent the mold parts from coming into contact with these systems (which would make it impossible to place the mold), said bias cut 47 is designed to allow the mold to be placed on any fastening system.
    Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, it is easy to understand how two parts 4 of the mold M are positioned on either side of the rail 1, so that the opening 43 is located vertically above the recess 3.
    When this positioning is carried out and all the operations preparatory to this type of operation have been implemented, a casting of an aluminothermic material is performed to fill the recess 3.
    Because the compressible coating is located opposite the regions likely to have surface irregularities such as electric solder beads, this material is deformed and applies intimately against these irregularities. In doing so, there is no risk that the molten material flows elsewhere than in the region concerned, ie that of the recess.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. mold (M) of aluminothermic welding of a metal rail (1), which comprises at least two parts or shells (4) substantially identical, configured to be mounted temporarily opposite one another and from other of said rail (1) for gripping the mushroom (10), core (11) and shoe (12) of this rail (1), each piece or shell (4) having an upper opening (43), which opens on an internal cavity (44) delimited by configured walls (45, 46, 48) for gripping the mushroom (10), the web (11) and the pad (12) of said rail (1), characterized in that said internal cavity (44) has a compressible sealing coating (5) only against the walls (451, 46, 48) configured to grip said web (11), shoe (12) and under the mushroom (10), and except the rest of the mushroom (10) and the underside of the pad (12).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Mold (M) according to claim 1, characterized in that said coating (5) is of refractory felt.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Mold (M) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the thickness of said coating (5) is between 2 and 10 mm.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Mold (M) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lower part of the part (4) opposite the cavity (44) has a bias cut (47) configured to avoid contact with a system for attaching the rail to a crossbar.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. A method of repairing a rail (1) which has a surface defect (2) at its mushroom (10), characterized in that it comprises the following steps which consist in: - removing said defect ( 2) so as to create a recess (3) on the mushroom (10) of said rail (1); - Position the two parts or shells (4) of a mold (M) according to one of claims 1 to 4 on either side of this rail (1); -combler said recess (3) by casting in said mold (M), by said upper opening (43), aluminothermic welding material.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the core (11) has, substantially to the right of the defect (2) to repair, a bead (110) of welding resulting from an electric weld and the compressible coating (5) applies intimately on said bead.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2017187110A8|2019-02-21|
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    CA3022182A1|2017-11-02|
    US20190127925A1|2019-05-02|
    MX2018013154A|2019-04-22|
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    FR3050742B1|2018-05-04|
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    CN109511266B|2021-07-13|
    PT3449059T|2021-01-20|
    RU2752046C1|2021-07-22|
    JP6905049B2|2021-07-21|
    PL3449059T3|2021-05-17|
    WO2017187110A1|2017-11-02|
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    引用文献:
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    US1972262A|1932-04-14|1934-09-04|Fish Gilbert Dudley|Railway rail|
    EP0000456B1|1977-07-08|1980-10-29|C. Delachaux|Mould for the metallothermic welding of metal workpieces|
    RU2124424C1|1998-03-05|1999-01-10|Карабанов Владимир Иосифович|Rail repair method|
    JP3993577B2|2004-01-09|2007-10-17|株式会社峰製作所|Rail welding method and refractory material for emergency recovery|
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    US10464164B2|2017-11-17|2019-11-05|Orgo-Thermit Inc.|Rail welding crucible and cap with an oxygen/propane gas rail-preheating burner ignited reaction starter mix|
    CN111979854B|2020-09-02|2021-07-27|西南交通大学|Mould is restoreed to no tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. track section sleeper of retarder|
    法律状态:
    2017-04-07| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-11-03| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20171103 |
    2018-04-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-04-11| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-04-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2021-04-07| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1653859A|FR3050742B1|2016-04-29|2016-04-29|ALUMINOTHERMIC WELDING MOLD OF A METAL RAIL AND REPAIR METHOD USING SAME|
    FR1653859|2016-04-29|FR1653859A| FR3050742B1|2016-04-29|2016-04-29|ALUMINOTHERMIC WELDING MOLD OF A METAL RAIL AND REPAIR METHOD USING SAME|
    PL17725320T| PL3449059T3|2016-04-29|2017-05-02|Aluminothermic welding mold and repair method|
    BR112018072111A| BR112018072111A2|2016-04-29|2017-05-02|aluminothermic welding mold and method for repairing a rail|
    KR1020187034546A| KR20190027779A|2016-04-29|2017-05-02|Mold for thermite welding of metal rails and repair method using it|
    RU2018141322A| RU2752046C1|2016-04-29|2017-05-02|Thermite welding mold and repair method|
    PT177253200T| PT3449059T|2016-04-29|2017-05-02|Aluminothermic welding mold and repair method|
    EP17725320.0A| EP3449059B1|2016-04-29|2017-05-02|Aluminothermic welding mold and repair method|
    CN201780026428.5A| CN109511266B|2016-04-29|2017-05-02|Thermite welded mold and repair method|
    CA3022182A| CA3022182A1|2016-04-29|2017-05-02|Aluminothermic welding mold and repair method|
    MX2018013154A| MX2018013154A|2016-04-29|2017-05-02|Aluminothermic welding mold and repair method.|
    JP2019508301A| JP6905049B2|2016-04-29|2017-05-02|Aluminum thermite welding molds for metal rails and repair methods using such molds|
    ES17725320T| ES2843547T3|2016-04-29|2017-05-02|Aluminothermic welding mold and repair procedure|
    PCT/FR2017/051038| WO2017187110A1|2016-04-29|2017-05-02|Aluminothermic welding mold and repair method|
    AU2017256057A| AU2017256057B2|2016-04-29|2017-05-02|Aluminothermic welding mold and repair method|
    US16/096,999| US20190127925A1|2016-04-29|2017-05-02|Mold For Aluminothermic Welding Of A Metal Rail And Repair Method Making Use Thereof|
    ZA2018/07181A| ZA201807181B|2016-04-29|2018-10-26|Mold for aluminothermic welding of a metal rail and repair method making use thereof|
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